A1 How Number Systems Work

🌍 Why Do We Learn About Different Number Bases?

Different number bases are used all around us every day. Understanding them helps us understand computers, games, time, money, coding and much more!

1

🎮 Computers & Gaming (Base 2)

Every computer, phone and games console uses Binary (Base 2).

Games like Minecraft, Fortnite and Roblox are all stored using combinations of only:

0 = OFF
1 = ON

Every character, world and skin is ultimately stored using binary.

2

⌚ Time Uses Base 60

Have you ever wondered why there are:

60 seconds in a minute
60 minutes in an hour

Time uses a number system based on 60 rather than 10.

Every football match, stopwatch and microwave timer uses this system.

3

🎨 Colours on Screens (Base 16)

Every colour on a phone, tablet or computer screen is stored using Base 16 (Hexadecimal).

#FF0000
#00FF00
#0000FF

These codes are used by game designers, website creators and app developers.

4

💷 Money & Place Value

Understanding number bases helps us understand how our number system works.

10 ones = 1 ten
10 tens = 1 hundred

This is exactly what Dienes blocks help us visualise.

£1 = 100p

Place value helps us work with money, decimals and percentages.

5

📱 QR Codes & Barcodes

Every time you scan a QR code or use a self-checkout, information is converted into number systems that computers understand.

Shops, phones and ticket machines all rely on coded number systems.

6

🤖 Robots & Artificial Intelligence

Robots and AI don’t think using English words.

Everything is stored as numbers.

Those numbers are eventually stored electronically using Base 2.

Every chatbot, robot and AI tool begins with binary code.

7

🕵️ Secret Codes

Different bases are like different languages for numbers.

Earth = 10
Base 2 = 1010
Base 3 = 101
Base 4 = 22
Base 5 = 20

All of these represent the same quantity.

Learning different bases is like learning how to read secret number codes!

🤔 If humans had eight fingers instead of ten, would we have invented Base 8 instead of Base 10?

Course Content

Getting started
The Structure of Numbers
Understanding the Structure of Base 10
1 Topic
1 Quiz
Structure of Cuboids
Structure of Cuboids
Understanding the Structure of Base 2
3 Topics
3 Quizzes
The Structure of Base 2 Blocks
Base 2 Blocks
The Structure of Place Value in Base 2
Place Value in Base 2
Base 2 in Computer Science
Binary
Understanding the Structure of Base 3
2 Topics
2 Quizzes
Understanding the Structure of Base 3
The Structure of Base 3
Understanding the Structure of Place Value in Base 3
Place Value in Base 3
Base Blocks
1 Topic
1 Quiz
Understanding the Structure of Base Blocks
Base Blocks Quiz
Confidence Quiz
Final Quizzes
Base 10 Blocks
Place Value in Base 10